Análisis comparativo de algoritmos de posicionamiento para un sistema de localización basado en tecnología LoRa

Abstract

Along the last years, we have seen a growing demand of services and systems that depend on the specific location of both people and different kinds of gadgets. For this reason, there is an interest on the development and evolution of Positioning Systems (PS) that use the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) to complex location services. The main aim of these PS is to estimate the relative position related to other known positions inside of a coordinate system. Currently, the Global Positioning System (GPS) offers good accuracy on location services around the world. Although it does not work effectively on applications with a high amount of small, cheap and low power requirements devices. Therefore, current researchers prefer to work on new low-cost wireless technologies; for example, WiFi, Zigbee, or LoRa. In this context, it is very important to know some fundamental aspects before of start to design a PS. For example; the architecture of the PS, sources of error; common positioning algorithms, such as ToA, TDoA, AoA, and RSSI; and common location algorithms, such as multilateration, triangulation, and trilateration. Besides, it is important to know the needs and limitations of both positioning and localization algorithms about RF features. The main purpose is to verify the feasibility of determined devices available to design and implement the PS. To conclude, this thesis project has the main aim to design and implement a low-cost PS based on RSSI positioning algorithm and trilateration location algorithm. To analyze the behavior and feasibility of both FiPy and LoPy devices with LoRa technology in location applications. Besides, the thesis evaluates a set of tests to find irregular behaviors and to mitigate these problems. As a final result provide a PS working correctly; and a comparative analysis about the accuracy error among different scenarios and similar studies.