Prevalencia de infección del sitio quirúrgico en pacientes post apendicectomía y factores asociados, en emergencia de cirugía de los Hospitales Vicente Corral Moscoso y José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Surgical site infection is a leading cause of postoperative morbidity and mortality (1). The prevalence in patients after appendectomy varies from 4 to 12% (2). OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of infection of the surgical site in post-appendectomy patients and associated factors, in emergency surgery of the Hospitals Vicente Corral Moscoso and José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca 2017. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Analytical, cross-sectional, whose universe are patients operated for acute appendicitis in the surgery department of the Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso and José Carrasco Arteaga, in 2017; the lowest prevalence associated factor is 3,43% (laparoscopic approach), obtaining 140 sample patients. The factors analyzed were those dependent on the patient and the surgical procedure. The data was obtained through a questionnaire and follow-up for 30 days; analyzed using Excel, Epidat 3.1 and SPSS 24. RESULTS: The prevalence of surgical site infection in post-appendectomy patients is 20%, 10.7% are superficial and 64.29% were diagnosed during follow-up. The factors age, hyperthermia, hours of evolution, comorbidities, risk index, ASA, type of appendicitis, type of wound, surgical time, cavity washing and the use of drain presented significant association (p <0.05). CONCLUSION: There are many factors that intervene with surgical site infection. The prevalence obtained in this study is higher than that found in most studies