Aptitudes psicolingüísticas en niños y niñas de 4 a 5 años del Centro Educativo Infantil Antonio Borrero. Cuenca, 2018

Abstract

Background: Determine psycholinguistic skills during preschool age is of vital importance, since in this age there is a greater neuronal plasticity than at other ages, since there are significant acquisitions in all areas of development. Objective: To determine the level of psycholinguistic abilities in children from 4 to 5 years of the Antonio Borrero Children's Educational School through the Illinois Psycholinguistic Aptitude Test - ITPA. Methodology: Quantitative descriptive observational study conducted at the Antonio Borrero Educational School with 80 children aged 4 and 5 years, after meeting the inclusion criteria were evaluated through the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Aptitudes - ITPA, the information collected was tabulated and processed in the statistical program SPSS free version 20, after which the results were presented in frequency and percentage tables. Results: The study population consisted of 80 children, 90% corresponds to the chronological age of 4 years, and 10% to 5 years; 55% corresponds to the woman, and 45% man; 52.5% have a psycholinguistic age of 3 years, 46.3% of 4 years and 1.2% of 5 years, according to the ITPA test, the least developed psycholinguistic skills were compression (68.8%) and association (95%) auditory, compression (55%) and visual association (88.8%), grammatical integration (92.5%) and visual integration (51.3%); and the most developed were: verbal expression (96.3%), motor expression (85%), auditory sequential memory (68.8%) and visual-motor sequential memory (55%). Conclusion: The psycholinguistic age in boys and girls of 4 and 5 years of the Antonio Borrero Educational School was lower than the chronological age, a less developed level of psycholinguistic skills predominated.