Impacto de la intervención educativa en los pacientes de los clubes de diabéticos de los centros de salud Carlos Elizalde, el Valle y San Pedro del Cebollar, Distrito 01D02, Cuenca, 2018

Abstract

Background: in 2015, according to the International Diabetes Federation, there were 415 million adults between 20 and 79 years of age diagnosed with diabetes worldwide, compared to 108 million in 1980. Considering that self-care is an important part of the treatment and control of hyperglycemia, these figures suggest that patients lack the knowledge necessary to perform an adequate control of their disease. Objective: to evaluate the impact of the educational intervention on the patients of the diabetic clubs of the health centers Carlos Elizalde, El Valle and San Pedro del Cebollar, District 01D02, Cuenca, 2018. Methodology: a quasi-experimental study was conducted, in which 107 diabetic patients belonging to three clubs of District 01D02 of Canton Cuenca were evaluated; through the "Diabetes self-care activities questionnaire (SDSCA)". The educational intervention was developed in three sessions, of 45 minutes each, in the fourth session the same questionnaire was applied. The data were analyzed in the statistical program SPSS. The demographic variables were analyzed by descriptive statistics: frequency and percentages. For the rest of the variables, the statistical measures that were used were: average, minimum and maximum values through tables; and to evaluate the impact, the McNemar scale was used. Results: The study population consisted of 107 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 who attended the diabetic clubs during the March - June period of 2018, with 81.31%, the majority were women, 64.69% were 65 years or older, the predominant marital status was married with 5.07%, 46.7% belonged to the IV social stratum (working class), 32.71% had completed basic education followed by 28.97% with no level of education. The overweight people were 45.79%. Prior to the educational intervention, 21.5% had good self-care practices, while after that, it increased to 52.3%