Prevalencia de hipoacusia en escolares de 5 a 9 años de Gualaceo, 2017

Abstract

In Ecuador, according to the CONADIS, in 2017, hearing impairment is considered the third cause of disability in the population with 12.86%, in Guacaleo in 2016 the percentage of hearing disability in the male sex corresponds to 55.57%, while that in the female sex it represents 44.43%; so it is important to detect hearing loss in this locality, being the study population schoolchildren from 5 to 9 years. GENERAL PURPOSE To determine the prevalence of hearing loss in schoolchildren from 5 to 9 years old in Guacaleo, 2017. METHODOLOGY The present research project corresponds to a descriptive and cross-sectional study, the Moreno Vazquez Hospital of the Gualaceo parish being the study area. The teachers of the selected schools filled out a school screening card (Annex 2), and the child, not meeting 5 criteria, is a candidate to present a hearing loss. A sample unit was obtained corresponding to 154 schoolchildren (5-9 years) who were selected by simple random sampling, and sent to the Moreno Vázquez Hospital. RESULTS There was a higher frequency of hearing loss in the male sex with 6.5%; the predominant age group is from 6 to 7 years with 4.5%, the highest percentage of patients with hearing loss live in the rural area with 6.5%; The predominant diagnosis is mild conductive hearing loss with 5.8% for OD and 6.5% for LE; finally, hearing loss is 11.7% in all students evaluated.