Estudio comparativo de variantes de diseño de la estructura de evacuación de caudales de exceso de la presa Mocache mediante modelación física

Abstract

In the present titling work, physical hydraulic modeling has been used as a design technique to ensure optimal operation of the structure and to facilitate decision making. The structure for the evacuation of excess flows of the Mocache dam has been identified as a case study. The dam is part of the Megaproject "Plan de Aprovechamiento y Control del Agua, en la Provincia Los Ríos, PACALORI". Being a discharge structure constituted by two rapid ones, one of them in curved, fast form of flow that involves many disadvantages of erosion, undermining and sudden variations of drafts between the external and internal edges of the curve; for which it has been optimized its design, constructing a reduced scale physical model and implementing variants of design such as diagonal obstacles, concentric spans, cant transition and counterpendent (0.2% - 2%), and evaluating the results that these alternatives present for the maximum design flow rate. In addition, efficient variants are identified and combinations are made between them, resulting in even better results, such as adequate flow distribution and optimum velocities that do not exhibit undercutting phenomena. The study was concluded presenting the optimum alternative evaluated for four flow rates of design.