Los determinantes de la sobreeducación y su efecto en los salarios: el caso Ecuatoriano año 2015

Abstract

The main objective of this study is to analyze the determinants of overeducation and its effect on wages in Ecuador by 2015. Specifically, the analysis focuses on determining the incidence of educational mismatches (over-education, under-education and adequate education), the application of a probability model that indicates the determinants of overeducation and the application of wage models. Making use of the ENEMDU survey, it was found that 3 out of 10 workers present some kind of educational mismatch. Out of the total employed, 14.4% are over-educated and 14.3% under-educated. It was also observed that the phenomenon of over-education affects a large extent of young workers and those who hold a higher education qualification. Finally, it was found that overeducation is expensive for workers since the over-educated earn an average of 15.6% less than the adequately educated. In contrast, the under-educated earn an average of 13.9% more than the adequately adequate. In terms of returns, it was found that an additional year of adequate education increases wages by 6.5%, a year of over-education increases by 2.8%, and a year of undereducation decreases wages by 3.3%.