Factores de riesgo de hipertensión arterial: prevalencia y análisis multivariable en los conductores de taxis de la ciudad de Cuenca - Ecuador, año 2014

Abstract

Objective: To determine risk factors for hypertension, its prevalence and multivariable analysis in taxi drivers in Cuenca - Ecuador, 2014. Materials and methods: It is a cross-sectional prevalence study, developed in taxis drivers’ residents in Cuenca - Ecuador. With a universe of 3,594 taxi drivers, for defining the sample size, it was estimated an error of 5% and reliability and accuracy of the sample it was considered in 95%, a 15% accreted for possible losses, resulting in 377 individuals. Prior informed consent and to obtain data, measuring weight, height, body mass index and blood pressure were carried out and a form was applied to determine the possible risk factors. Data was analyzed using SPSS 18.0 software. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was 15.6%. It was associated positively: age> 45years (prevalence ratio - RP: 2.23, confidence interval - CI (95%): 1.22- 4.06, p = 0.005), body mass index> 25 (RP: 3.19, CI: 1.19- 8.51, p = 0.010), family history (RP 3.01 (CI. 1.83-4.96) p = 0.000), consuming more than 5 meals a day (RP 3.50, CI: 2.22-5.50 p = 0.000), add extra salt to prepared food (RP 2.00 CI: 1.26-3.18 p = 0.003), work more than 8 hours (RP 1.51, CI: 1.32-1.81 p = 0.005), stress (RP 2.15, CI: 1.36- 3.41 and p = 0.001 ). Cconclusion: The prevalence of hypertension in taxi drivers was 15.6%. A significant association between hypertension and risk factors were determined: BMI> 25, family history, consuming> 5 meals a day, adding extra salt to prepared food, work> 8 hours, inactivity and stress