Prevalencia de dependencia funcional y factores asociados en adultos mayores institucionalizados en el Hogar Miguel León. Cuenca 2015

Abstract

General Objective: To determine the prevalence of functional dependence and associated factors in older adults residing in the nursing home Miguel León of the city of Cuenca. Methodology: Cross-sectional study in 65 older adults residing in the nursing home Miguel León of the city of Cuenca, the variables evaluated were: age, sex, origin, marital status and level of education and as risk factors: chronic diseases, nutritional status, polypharmacy, wearing glasses, sedentary lifestyle. The Katz Index was used for the evaluation of dependence. Data analysis was carried out in SPSS. Results: The average age of older adults was 82,51 years; the Katz index analysis revealed that 35,4% were independent, 21.5% had moderate dependence and 43.1% with severe dependence; dependence according to the Katz Index components were: personal cleanliness activity 64,6%; dress activities 50,8%; toilet use activities 49,2%; mobility 35,4%; continence 63,1% and feeding 26,2%; inside risk factors (chi square significant p <0.05) were associated the following: osteoarthritis, low weight and sedentary lifestyle, but only osteoarthritis increases the risk of functional dependence with a prevalence ratio of 1,7 (1, 3 – 2,1). Although the other factors were frequent in the population with functional dependence they were not statistically significant. Conclusion: The prevalence of functional dependence in older adults at the nursing home Miguel León was high being osteoarthritis the most determining factor. KEY WORDS: FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY ASSESSMENT, OLDER ADULT (ELDERLY), KATZ SCALE, RISK FACTORS, OSTEOARTHRITIS, SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE, GERIATRIC CENTER, HOME MIGUEL LEON, CUENCA – ECUADOR