Prevalencia de manifestaciones neurológicas, factores asociados y complicaciones en niños egresados del servicio de neonatología del Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca 2011-2012

Abstract

Objective. Determine the prevalence of neurological manifestations and partners alumni children neonatology specialty hospital social security factors.

Material and methods. With a transversal design 392 infants born in 2011-2012 and hospitalized in Neonatology, Hospital José Carrasco, IESS, Cuenca, were included. Sociodemographic variables and history of mothers and birth characteristics were measured and identified factors: maternal, intrapartum and postpartum associated with neurological manifestations.

Results. Prevalence of neurological symptoms was 25.2%. The sample represented 70.1% of maternal with 16-35 years old, 69.3% of residents in the city, 72.6% with secondary education 51.7% and a predominance housewives 42.6%. Maternal factors associated were: consumption of liquor and snuff [OR 2.64 (95% CI 0.7 to 9.0)], history of preterm birth [OR 2.24 (95% CI: 0.8-5 5)], premature rupture of membranes [OR 1.82 (95% CI 0.7 to 4.4)], more than 35 years old [OR 1.74 (95% CI: 0, 9 to 3.1)], less than 16 years old [OR 1.57 (95% CI 0.7 to 3.1)], ITU [OR 1.50 (95% CI: 0, 8 to 2.6)], pre eclampsia [OR 1.49 (95% CI 0.7 to 2.8)] and drugs in pregnancy [OR 1.29 (95% CI: 0, 8 to 2.0)] . Intrapartum factors were emergency cesarean [OR 28.4 (95% CI 14.3 to 56.8)], extreme prematurity and weight <1000 g [OR 7.36 (95% CI: 1.6 to 36 7)] , low Apgar [OR 7.29 (95% CI 3.9 to 13.5)], advanced CPR [OR 5.43 (95% CI: 3.1 to 9, 2)]. Postnatal factors were: asphyxia [OR 7.49 (95% CI 3.2 to 7.2)], exchange transfusion [OR 2.64 (95% CI 0.7 to 9.0)] and mechanical ventilation [OR 2.86 (95% CI 1.6 to 4.9)] . Implications. It is necessary to identify risk factors opportunity for timely intervention to prevent complications and sequelae.